Other Methods of Transportation are Contraindicated
Medical Necessity Defined
We talk a lot about Medical Necessity in the ambulance billing office. Medical necessity and Reasonableness are key in determining whether or not an insurance payer is obligated to pay for ambulance transport, especially for Medicare and Medicaid patients.
Title XVIII of the Social Security Act defines the very Medicare ambulance benefit as “ambulance service where the use of other methods of transportation is contraindicated by the individual’s condition…”
The Social Security Act spells out that the deciding factor in allowing payment for all ambulance claims submitted for payment. Documentation explaining the ambulance transport must be clear making a case that the patient could not have been safely transported from origin to destination by any other means of transportation without jeopardizing the patient’s health.
Internal Guidance
Internal guidance released by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS to the Medicare Administrative Contractors (MACs) provides guidance directing when to deny payment on ambulance claims.
CMS stresses that each individual’s medical condition must be explained using words that describe the patient’s “clinical medical necessity” leaving no doubt that the patient was unable to use another mode of transportation other than an ambulance.
CMS instructs, “It is important to understand that this clinical medical necessity aspect is a component of the definition of the benefit…”
A Benefit, Not a Right
Many of us in the ambulance industry look at Medicare, Medicaid and even Commercial Insurance coverage as somehow being our “right” to be paid just because we turned a wheel.
If we had a dollar for every time we have heard…
“If the patient calls 9-1-1, we must respond and we pretty much have to transport so we should be paid!”
Or, in the case of a non-emergency/routine transport…
“If the doctor believes that the patient needs to go by ambulance then who is Medicare to say that they shouldn’t pay? The doctor knows best. They call. We transport. They should pay!”
Unlike the basic rights and liberties that we enjoy as Americans, we hate to burst your bubble but universal coverage for ambulance transports is NOT a right. Insurance coverage is a benefit. But it is a benefit contingent on the patient’s meeting the stated criteria and that criteria boils down to one basic concept for most payers.
Transportation of the patient by any
other means is contraindicated!!!
Often Misunderstood
The concept of Medical Necessity is often very much misunderstood by the ambulance provider community. As providers, all of us are birthed in our careers by the notion that when the pager activates we have a duty to respond.
Likewise, we somehow extend that duty into the notion that the insurance payer (Medicare, Medicaid, Commercial…) must always pay.
Not so!
The phrase Medical Necessity is a two part concept that must be understood as…
- Clinical- did the patient medically require an ambulance such that transport by ambulance was the only way to safely move the patient to a destination for the diagnosis or treatment of illness or injury or to improve the functioning of a body member?
- Statutory- has the transport met the payment criteria outlined in the insurance payer’s rules defining the benefit?
There are no givens!
There are no givens in the ambulance billing industry. We must prove each claim using clear clinical documentation recorded by the patient care provider supporting the fact that the patient would have been endangered and literally had no other means of being transported from Point A to Point B safely except in an ambulance.
It’s the provider’s burden to explain in the Patient Care Report (PCR) that some form of diagnosis or treatment of an illness or injury to improve our patient’s qualify of life was performed during the ambulance transport in order for the payer to make payment for the transport.
In the end, ultimate medical necessity proof resides in the PCR which explains in detail the overall condition of the patient necessitating the level of service and care provided during the transport.
